Ukwakhiwa komkhenkce kwiintambo zombane kusenokubangela umonakalo, kushiya abantu bengenabushushu namandla kangangeeveki.Kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya, iinqwelomoya zinokujongana nokulibaziseka okungapheliyo ngelixa zilinde ukukhenkcezwa zizinyibilikisi eziyityhefu zekhemikhali.
Ngoku, nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baseCanada bafumene isisombululo kwingxaki ye-icing yasebusika kumthombo ongalindelekanga: iGentoo penguins.
Kuphononongo olupapashwe kule veki, izazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseMcGill eMontreal ziye zatyhila ucingoumnathaUlwakhiwo olunokuthi lujikeleze iintambo zombane, icala lesikhephe okanye inqwelomoya kunye nokugcina umkhenkce ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imichiza.
Izazinzulu ziye zakhuthazwa kumaphiko eepenguin, ezidada kumanzi anomkhenkce kufutshane ne-Antarctica kwaye ziyakwazi ukuhlala zingenamkhenkce naxa amaqondo obushushu angaphandle engaphantsi kweqondo lomkhenkce.
“Izilwanyana zine… ziphila ubomi obude kakhulu nendalo,” uAnn Kitzig, umphandi ophambili kolu phando, watsho kudliwano-ndlebe."Inokuba yinto yokubukela kunye nokuphindaphinda."
Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu lusenza ukuba izaqhwithi zasebusika zibe namandla ngakumbi, izaqhwithi zomkhenkce ziyingozi.E-Texas kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ikhephu kunye nomkhenkce zaphazamisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye zakhupha igridi yamandla, zishiya izigidi ngaphandle kobushushu, ukutya kunye namanzi iintsuku kwaye amakhulu abantu bafa.
Izazinzulu, amagosa edolophu kunye neenkokheli zeshishini kudala zilwela ukugcina izaqhwithi zomkhenkce zingaphazamisi iinkonzo zasebusika.Baxhobisa iintambo zombane, ii-injini zomoya kunye namaphiko eenqwelo-moya kunye nefilimu ye-de-icing okanye bathembele kwi-solvents yeekhemikhali ukususa ngokukhawuleza umkhenkce.
Kodwa iingcali ze-de-icing zithi ezi zilungiso zishiya okuninzi kunqweneleka.Ubomi beshelufu yezinto zokupakisha bufutshane.Ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza kudla ixesha kwaye kuyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo.
UKitzig, ophando lwakhe lujolise ekusebenziseni indalo ukucombulula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo zabantu, uye wachitha iminyaka ezama ukufumana eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuhlangabezana nomkhenkce.Ekuqaleni, wayecinga ukuba igqabi lelotus liza kuba ngumviwa kuba likhupha amanzi ngokwendalo kwaye lizihlambulule.Kodwa oosonzululwazi baqonda ukuba ayizukusebenza kwiimeko zemvula enkulu, utshilo.
Emva koko, uKitzig neqela lakhe baya kwindawo yogcino-zilwanyana eMontreal, apho iipenguin zihlala khona.Bachukunyiswa ziintsiba zoonombombiya baza basebenza kunye ekuyiyileni.
Bafumanise ukuba iintsiba ngokwemvelo ziwubamba umkhenkce.NgokukaMichael Wood, umphandi owayesebenza kwiprojekthi kunye noKitzig, iintsiba zicwangciswe ngokulandelelana okuzivumela ukuba zichithe amanzi ngokwemvelo, kwaye umphezulu wazo wendalo we-spiky unciphisa ukunamathela komkhenkce.
Abaphandi baphindaphinda olu yilo besebenzisa itekhnoloji yelaser ukwenza ucingo olulukiweyoumnatha.Emva koko bavavanya ukuncamathela komnatha kumkhenkce kwitonela lomoya baza bafumanisa ukuba isebenze ngama-95 ekhulwini ngakumbi ekuxhathiseni ukukhenkceza kunomgangatho oqhelekileyo wentsimbi.Izinyibilikisi zemichiza nazo azifuneki, zongeza.
Umnatha unokudityaniswa namaphiko eenqwelomoya, utshilo uKitzig, kodwa izithintelo ezingqongqo zemithetho yokhuseleko lomoya iya kwenza utshintsho olulolo hlobo lube nzima ukuphumeza ngexesha elifutshane.
UKevin Golovin, unjingalwazi oncedisayo wobunjineli boomatshini kwiYunivesithi yaseToronto, uthe eyona nto inomtsalane kwesi sicombululo se-icing kukuba i-wire mesh, eyenza ukuba ihlale ixesha elide.
Ezinye izisombululo, ezifana nerabha enganyangekiyo ngumkhenkce okanye imiphezulu ephefumlelwe ngamagqabi elotus, ayizinzeki.
“Basebenza kakuhle elebhu,” utshilo uGolovin, owayengabandakanyekanga kolu phando, “kwaye basasaza kakubi ngaphandle.”
Intsimbi yentsimbiumnathaluhlobo lomnatha wocingo olulukiweyo owenziwe kumgangatho ophakamileyo ongenabalaintsimbiucingo.Iyaziwa ngokuhlala kwayo, amandla kunye neempawu zokuxhathisa umhlwa.Olu hlobo lwe-wire mesh lusetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo ezibandakanya ukuhluzwa, ukuhlukana, ukukhuselwa, kunye nokuqiniswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana nokutya kunye nesiselo, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, ukumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokwakhiwa.Ifumaneka kumabakala ahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile.Iipateni zokuluka ezisetyenziswa kwi-mesh yocingo lwentsimbi engenastainless nazo zahlukene kwaye zinokusuka kwi-plain ukuya kwi-complex weave.Ezona zixhaphakileyo ziquka i-plain weave, i-twill weave, i-dutch weave, kunye ne-twilled Dutch weave.