Munguva yeGreat Ice Storm ya1998, kuvakwa kweaizi patambo dzemagetsi nemapango kwakaunza kuchamhembe kweUnited States nekumaodzanyemba kweCanada kumira, zvichisiya vanhu vazhinji vachitonhora nerima kwemazuva kana mavhiki.Zvingave ma turbines emhepo, shongwe dzemagetsi, drones kana mapapiro endege, de-icing inowanzovimba nenzira dzinotora nguva, dzinodhura uye / kana kushandisa simba rakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvemakemikari.Asi tichitarisa zvisikwa, vaongorori veMcGill vanofunga kuti vawana nzira itsva inovimbisa yekugadzirisa dambudziko.Ivo vakafemerwa nemapapiro ema gentoo penguin anoshambira mumvura ine chando yeAntarctica, uye mvere dzadzo hadziite chando kunyangwe tembiricha yekunze iri pasi pechando.
Isu takatanga taongorora maitiro emashizha emuroti, ayo akanaka pakubvisa mvura, asi zvakazoonekwa kuti haashande pakubvisa ice, "akadaro Ann Kitzig, anga achitsvaga mhinduro kweanoda kusvika makore gumi uye ari mubatsiri purofesa. .Chiremba weChemical Engineering paMcGill University, Director weLabhoritari yeBiomimetic Surface Engineering: “Takatozotanga kuferefeta zvimiro zveminhenga yepenguin ndipo patakawana zvinhu zvinongoitika zvoga zvinoburitsa mvura neaizi panguva imwe chete.”
Themufananidzokuruboshwe kunoratidza microstructure yemunhenga wepenguin (pedyo-up ye 10 micron insert inoenderana ne1/10 yehupamhi hwebvudzi remunhu kupa pfungwa yekuyera).Aya mabhabhu nematavi ndiwo madzinde epakati peminhenga inoputika.."Hooks" anoshandiswa kubatanidza mvere dzeminhenga yega yega kugadzira cushion.Kurudyi kune jira resimbi isina tsvina rakashongedzwa nevatsvakurudzi nenanogrooves, richibudisa hutungamiri hwemapenguin feather structures (waya ine nanogrooves pamusoro).
"Takaona kuti urongwa hwehumambo hweminhenga pachahwo hunopa mvura inobudisa mvura, uye nzvimbo yavo yakasvibiswa inoderedza kunamatira kwechando," anotsanangura kudaro Michael Wood, mudzidzi achangopedza kudzidza achishanda naKitzig uye mumwe wevanyori vekudzidza.Chinyorwa chitsva mu ACS Applied Material Interfaces."Takakwanisa kutevedzera izvi zvakasanganiswa nelaser-yakarukwa waya mesh."
Kitzig akawedzera kuti: “Zvinogona kuita sezvinopesana, asi kiyi yekuparadzanisa aizi maburi ese ari mumambure anotora mvura pasi pechando.Mvura iri mumaburi iwayo inopedzisira yaoma, uye sezvainokura, inoita mitswe, sezvaunenge uri mufiriji.Zvakafanana nekuonekwa mu ice cube tray.Tinoda simba shoma kuti tibvise aizi kubva mumambure edu nekuti mitswe mune yega yega maburi aya inotenderera nepamusoro pewaya dzakarukwa idzi."
Vatsvakurudzi vakaedza nzvimbo yakanyungudutswa mumugero wemhepo ndokuona kuti kurapwa kwacho kwaive ne95% kuri nani pakuramba icing pane mashizha asina kuputirwa akakwenenzverwa esimbi.Sezvo pasina kurapwa kwemakemikari kunodiwa, iyo nzira itsva inopa inogona kugadzirisa-isina mhinduro kune dambudziko rekuumbwa kwechando pamhepo turbines, shongwe, tambo dzemagetsi uye drones.
"Tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwemitemo yekufamba nendege uye njodzi dzakabatana, hazviite kuti mapapiro endege angoputirwa nesimbi mesh," Kitzig akawedzera.“Zvisinei, zvinogoneka kuti rimwe zuva pamusoro pebapiro rendege panogona kunge paine magadzirirwo atiri kudzidza, uye sezvo nzira dzechinyakare dzekubvisa ichando dzichishanda pamwe chete pamusoro pebapiro, de-icing ichaitika nekusanganisa mapapiro epenguin.kufemerwa nemagadzirirwo ari pamusoro.”
"Yakavimbika anti-icing surfaces inobva pamabasa maviri - microstructure-induced ice flaking ne nanostructure-enhanced water repellency overlay", Michael J. Wood, Gregory Brock, Juliette Debre, Philippe Servio naAnne-Marie Kitzig mu ACS Appl.alma mater.interface
McGill University, yakavambwa muna 1821 muMontreal, Quebec, ndiyo nhamba yekutanga yunivhesiti muCanada.McGill University inogara yakaverengerwa pakati pemayunivhesiti epamusoro munyika uye epasirese.Iyo inzvimbo ine mukurumbira pasi rose yedzidzo yepamusoro ine mabasa ekutsvagisa anotora makampasi matatu, gumi nerimwemakoreji, makoreji gumi nematatu ehunyanzvi, 300 zvirongwa zvekudzidza uye vanopfuura zviuru makumi mana vevadzidzi, kusanganisira vanopfuura zviuru gumi nemazana maviri vadzidzi vakapedza kudzidza.McGill inokwezva vadzidzi vanobva kunyika dzinopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu, uye vadzidzi vayo 12,800 vekune dzimwe nyika vanoita 31% yeboka revadzidzi.Vanopfuura hafu yevadzidzi veMcGill vanoti mutauro wavo wekutanga hausi Chirungu, uye vangangosvika 19% vavo vanotaura French semutauro wavo wekutanga.