Mukati meGreat Ice Storm ya1998, aizi yakaoma patambo dzemagetsi nemapango, ichiomesa kuchamhembe kweUnited States nokumaodzanyemba kweCanada, ichisiya vakawanda vari muchando nomurima kwemazuva uye kunyange mavhiki.Ingave maturbine emhepo, shongwe dzemagetsi, drones kana mapapiro endege, kurwisa kuvakwa kweaizi kunowanzo kuvimba nenzira dzinotora nguva, dzinodhura uye / kana kushandisa huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba uye makemikari akasiyana.Asi tichitarisa zvisikwa, vaongorori veMcGill vanofunga kuti vawana nzira itsva inovimbisa yekugadzirisa dambudziko.Dzakafemerwa nemapapiro ema gentoo penguin, mapenguin anoshambira mumvura dzine aizi yedunhu reAntarctic, ane makushe asingaome kunyange kana tembiricha yekunze iri pasi pechando.
Isu takatanga taongorora maitiro emashizha e lotus, ayo akanakisa pamvura yekutsvaira, asi zvakazoitika kuti haashande pakutsvaira mvura.akadaro Ann Kitzig, mubatsiri purofesa wemakemikari engineering paYunivhesiti yeMcGill uye mutungamiriri weBiomimetic Surface Engineering Lab, iyo yave ichitsvaga mhinduro kwemakore anoda kusvika gumi, zvinhu zvinogona kubvisa mvura nechando.“
Mufananidzo wekuruboshwe unoratidza chimiro chemicroscopic chemunhenga wepenguin (10-micron padhuze-kumusoro kweiyo yekuisa yakaenzana ne1/10 hupamhi hwebvudzi remunhu, kupa pfungwa yechikero).kubva kuminhenga ine matavi."Hooks" anoshandiswa kubatanidza mvere dzeminhenga dzega dzega kuti dzigadzire maragi.Kurudyi kune waya yesimbi isina tsvinajirakuti vatsvakurudzi vakashongedzwa nenanogrooves, vachidzokorora maitiro epenguin feather structure (simbi yesimbi ine nanogrooves kumusoro).
"Takaona kuti kurongeka kweminhenga pachayo kunopa zvimisikidzo zvemvura, uye nzvimbo dzayo dzakanyungudutswa dzinoderedza kunamatira kwechando," anotsanangura kudaro Michael Wood, mudzidzi achangopedza kudzidza achishanda naKitziger, mumwe wevanyori vanyori vechidzidzo ichi.Vanyori vakaburitsa chinyorwa chitsva mu ACS Applied Material Interfaces."Takakwanisa kutevedzera izvi zvakasanganiswa nelaser-cut waya mesh."
Kitzig akawedzera kuti: “Zvinogona kuita sezvisingaite, asi kiyi yekunyunguduka kweaizi ndeyekuti mapores ese ari pamambure anotora mvura pasi pechando.Mvura iri mumaburi aya ndiyo yekupedzisira kugwamba, uye painokura, inoita mitswe seyaunoona mumatireyi echando echando.Tinoda kushanda nesimba kudiki-diki kuti tibvise aizi kubva mugridi, nekuti mitswe mugomba rega rega inotenderera zviri nyore pamusoro peiyo waya dzakarukwa.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaita miedzo yemhepo yemhepo panzvimbo yakavharwa uye vakaona kuti kurapwa kwacho kwaive ne95 muzana kwakanyanya kushanda pakudzivirira icing pane unclad polished stainless steel panels.Sezvo pasina kurapwa kwemakemikari kunodiwa, iyo nzira itsva inopa inogona kugadzirisa-isina mhinduro kune dambudziko rekuumbwa kwechando pamagetsi emhepo, matanda emagetsi, tambo dzemagetsi uye drones.
"Tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwemitemo yekufamba nendege uye njodzi dzakabatana, hazviite kuti bapiro rendege ringoputirwa nesimbi.mesh,” Kitzig akawedzera.“Zvisinei, rimwe zuva pamusoro pebapiro rendege panogona kunge paine magadzirirwo atiri kudzidza, uye kudhirowa kuchaitika kuburikidza nemusanganiswa wenzira dzechinyakare dzekubvisa iaizi kushanda pamwe chete pabapiro.Iyo yepamusoro inosanganisira maumbirwo akafuridzirwa nemapapiro epenguin..chimiro chepamusoro."
"Yakavimbika anti-icing surfaces inobva pamabasa maviri - ice flaking inokonzerwa ne microstructure uye drainage inowedzerwa nanostructure", naMichael J. Wood, Gregory Brock, Juliette Debret, Philippe Servio naAnne-Marie Kitzig, yakabudiswa mu ACS Appl.matt.interface
Yakavambwa muMontreal, Quebec muna 1821, McGill University ndiyo Canada nhamba yekutanga yunivhesiti yezvokurapa.McGill inogara ichiverengerwa pakati pemayunivhesiti epamusoro munyika nepasirese.Inzvimbo “inozivikanwa pasi rose” yedzidzo yepamusoro ine zviitiko zvekutsvagisa mumakampasi matatu, madhipatimendi gumi nerimwe, zvikoro gumi nezvitatu zvehunyanzvi, mazana matatu ezvirongwa zvekudzidza uye vanopfuura zviuru makumi mana nemazana mana evadzidzi, kusanganisira vanopfuura zviuru gumi nemazana maviri evadzidzi.McGill inokwezva vadzidzi vanobva kunyika dzinopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu, uye vadzidzi vayo 12,800 vekunze vanoumba 31% yeboka revadzidzi.Vanopfuura hafu yevadzidzi veMcGill vatauri vemutauro waamai kunze kweChirungu, uye vangangoita 19 muzana yevadzidzi ava vanofunga chiFrench semutauro wavo wekutanga.