Rudzi rwemapombi esimbi akabatana anoputika kubva pasirin’i, owira pasi, osvetuka-svetuka achibuda, oramba akarembera, sokunge kuti akanyorwa nechido mumhepo noruoko rukuru.Izvi zvinodaidzwa kuti "Chorro", kana kuyerera, ndiwo mutauro wemutambi wechiGerman-Venezuelan Gego (1912-1994), akanyatsosimbiswa.simbimutauro.
Gego ndiyo nyaya yerwendo rukuru rwekudzoka shure, Gego: Dimension of Infinity, iyo ichange ichiratidzwa paMuseo Jumex muMexico City kusvika February 2023. Chiratidziro chichaenderera mberi muna March kuSolomon R. Guggenheim Museum muNew York uye kupera. paGuggenheim Museum muBilbao.Zvichakadaro, iyo gallery LGDR muParis ichangotanga ongororo yevanyanzvi inonzi Lines in Space.
Gego akadzidza zvivakwa muGermany.Gego akaberekerwa mumhuri inofambira mberi, yakapfuma yechiJudha muHamburg.Akangotanga kugadzira hunyanzvi pa41, achifemerwa nemumwe wake, graphic designer uye muimbi Gerd Leifert.Kunyangwe akanonoka kutanga basa rake, munguva pfupi akazoita basa rehunyanzvi rine mukurumbira uye rine simba munyika yake yeVenezuela, uko Gego akawana hutiziro mushure mekunge atiza hutongi hweNazi muna 1939.
Afemerwa nehunyanzvi hwepa cinematic art uye geometric abstraction, akabata retrospective muna 1977 paSofia Imber, Caracas Museum yeContemporary Art.Mabasa ake eruzhinji achiri kuonekwa muCaracas yose uye akadzidzisa kuCentral University yeVenezuela uye kuNeumann Foundation School of Design.
Kuiswa kweChorros paBarquisimeto Museum, 1985. Rubatsiro rwe LGDR, mufananidzo naTony Russell.
"Basa redu harisi rekutengesa chete, asi kuwedzera vateereri uye ruzivo rweGego," akadaro Emilio Steinberger, mukuru weLGDR, uyo akachengetedza kuratidzwa kweParis negalari co-muvambi Dominique Levy.Ichi chiratidziro chechitatu chebasa raGego kubvira LGDR yakava yekutanga kutengeserana kwepasirese gallery kubatana nenzvimbo yake muna 2015.
Yekukosha kwakasimba kweiyo mishoni kwaive kuzivana nemabasa aGego.“Iri ibasa rokudetemba zvikuru, rakaisvonaka iro rinogona kuongwa muupenyu chaihwo,” anowedzera kudaro Steinberger."Chivezwa chewaya chakadaro hachipo [pamambure]."
Gego anozivikanwa nokuda kweunyanzvi hwake hunobatanidzwa ne "kujeka", achiramba kumudana zvisikwa zvivezwa, izvo zvaanotenda kuti hazvigoneki nekuenzanisa."Matatu-dimensional zvimiro zvezvinhu zvakasimba.Hapana zvandiri kuita!”akanyora.
Kuti aite izvi, anotamba achiongorora tambo se "anozvimiririra" sangano, rakagadzirwa kubva kwaariarchitecturaluye mainjiniya kumashure kuStuttgart Institute of Technology, kwaakange ari mumwe wekupedzisira mu "Night of Broken Glass" kana "Night of the Crystals".Chiratidziro chakaitwa kuKunstmuseum Stuttgart kutanga kwegore rino chakanangana nekukanganisa kwaakaita hunyanzvi hwake pamutauro wake wakasarudzika.
“Ndakadzidziswa somugadziri wepurani kudhirowa mitsetse ine revo yakajeka inotsanangura chimiro kana kuti nzvimbo, sezviratidzo zveganhuriro dzisingambovi noupenyu hwazvo umene.Makore mazhinji gare gare, ndakawana runako rwemitsetse yacho,” anonyora kudaro."Dzimwe nguva mutsetse wepakati wakangokosha semutsara wacho."
Gego achishanda pakuiswa kweChorros paBarquisimeto Museum, 1985. Rubatsiro rweLGDR, mufananidzo naTony Russell.
Chimwe chezvakanakisa zveshoo yeParis yaive "Chorro" yakasununguka iyo Gego yakatanga kugadzira muna 1979, imwe yemhando 15 dzakakura dzakaburitswa dzerudzi rwayo.Kwaakazowedzera hunyanzvi hwake hwe“Reticulárea” (zvichireva kuti “nzvimbo dzenetiweki”) mafomu, anoumbwa nettatu mesh zvimiro zvinoumbwa newaya dzakatetepa kana matanda matete mumambure akarukwa emhando dzakasiyana dzejometri."Grid zones" inogona kuvhura uye kuzadza kamuri senge mapoka enyeredzi anongoerekana aitika, kana kudonha senge tapestry.Haana kujairana, organic, fragile uye cosmic nekuti isimba resimbi rinozunguzika mudenga.Kusiyana netiweki, ivo havana chaiyo nzvimbo, kutanga, kupera, kana tsanangudzo yakajeka.
Kutenda muchikamu kune, sezvaanozvitaura, basa rake riri "kuita-based" uye "kugadzira zvekunakidzwa," Gego anowanzo kunzvenga zvikamu zvehunyanzvi nemaitiro.Kubva kuma1950 kusvika kuma1980, yaipindirana nemafambiro aichaja nzvimbo yemifananidzo yekuSouth America asi yakaadarika.Izvi zvinosanganisira kinetic art, iyo inoratidzira shamwari dzake dzinosanganisira Jesús Rafael Soto naCarlos Cruz-Diez, uye geometric abstraction naAlejandro Otero, pamwe nematunhu kongiri art mafambiro.
“Pane imwe nguva aishatirwa zvikuru uye aigona kuva chero chinhu,” anoyeuka kudaro muzukurusikana wake Esther Crespin Gunz pakuvhurwa kweLGDR, iyo yaizivikanwa nyore nyore nemhaka yokufanana kwemhuri.Semunhu anozivisa, Gego haawanzokurukura nezvehunyanzvi hwake nemhuri yake uye kazhinji anofarira kushanda akazvimirira, kunyangwe tsvakiridzo itsva kubva kuStuttgart Museum of Art inoratidza kuti akabatana nevamwe maartist, kusanganisira mutambi weVenezuelan uye choreographer Sonya Sonoha.
"Paakaona asina tsvinasimbiwaya, aigona kushanda ari ega uye aingoerekana achinja uye akananga kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira nekuti aisada mumwe munhu kuti azive zvaaiita,” akadaro Crespin, mugadziri wemapurani uye mumwe wevakatanga.iyo Fondación Gego muCaracas, yakagadzirwa mushure mekufa kwemuimbi.(Mumwe muzukuru akanga ari mupendi Elias Crespin.) Kusiyana neizvi, mabhuku makuru evoruzhinji uye zviumbwa zvepakutanga zvemitsetse yakafanana zvakagadzirwa nesimbi dzinorema zvaida kubatsirwa nemhizha dzakarovedzwa.
Gego anoshanda ega kana kuhaya mudzidzi kuti abatsire nemabasa makuru e3D, asi akawanda emifananidzo yake uye mapeji emvura pabepa anoitwa musitudhiyo iri yoga, mwanakomana waGego Thomas Gunz akaudza Artnet News parunhare naSay.Mazhinji emabasa aya akaverengerwa muParisian kuratidzwa uye mafambiro ekudzoka.Mamwe mabasa anoratidzwa anosanganisira “Dibujo sin papel” yake yakaisvonaka [kudhirowa pasina bepa], mesh sphere nemamwe marudzi, mabhuku, madhindi, “Bichos” (mhuka diki kana zvipembenene), basa remutsetse wakafanana, uye akazotevera “Tejeduras” ( mabhurukwa. ))
Kunyangwe zvazvo Guntz aiziva nezvekushanda nekupembererwa kwaamai vake muVenezuela, anoti "takangotanga kunzwisisa kukosha kwebasa ravo mushure mekufa kwavo, apo Museum of Fine Arts muHouston yakaita shoo yekutanga yepasi rose solo show [muna 2002] .
“Pasinei nenhamburiko dzakaedza kuitwa nenyanzvi shomanene nevatarisiri mumakore makumi maviri adarika kuti vaone nzvimbo yaGego muzvinyorwa zvemazuva ano, anoramba ari munhu asingazivikanwi muUnited States,” akadaro Pablo Leon, muchengeti weLatin de la Barra.akanyora.American Art paGuggenheim Museum muNew York, uye mumwe muchengeti Janine Gutiérrez-Guimaraes, mune email kuArtnet News.Ose ari maviri akabatsira kukudziridza chitarisiko chazvino uno, chine chinangwa chokusimudzira “kunzwisisa kukuru uye kuonga basa [raGego] maererano nedzidziso yemazuva ano yomuzana remakore rechi20.”marambi ari murotunda anosimbisa nhaurirano dzaGego nevamwe vagadziri uye veruzhinji.
Mbiri yaGego yakanyatso kusimuka nekutariswa kwekutarisa kune dzimwe nyika pashow ye2002 Houston MFA, yakatanga kurongwa neMuseo de Bellas Artes de Caracas, uye imwe nhanho hombe yaive yekutanga hombe muna 2013 kuKunsthalle Kunsthalle muHamburg, Germany.Inoenderera mberi kuArt Museum muStuttgart uye Henry Moore Institute muLeeds, UK.
Exhibition muHamburg “Gego.Mutsara sechinhu “wazova pokutangira kuona basa rake muEurope, uye kune vakawanda wakavhura maziso,” akadaro Brigitte Kölle, mutarisiri biyake wechiratidziro, “asi kuchine zvakawanda zvokuita. ”
Panguva iyoyo, museum waivewo nechiratidziro chakafanana chemuimbi Eva Hesse, uyo akatizawo muHamburg muchitima chevana chakatakura vana vechiJudha.
Kelle akati haafunge kuti huJudah hwaGego hwakakonzera kunonoka kwake kuGermany, achiona kuti kubva kuma1990s, vaongorori vanga vachitsvaga ruzivo nezve maGerman maart artists vapoteri kubva kuHondo Yenyika II.Zvisinei, “kunewo mwero wakati wokunyara,” akadaro.Chiratidziro cha2013 chaivawo nedombo rekuyeuka Gego, rakaiswa nemumwe mukuru mukuru weguta mumusha make.
Gego achishanda pakuiswa kweChorros paBarquisimeto Museum, 1985. Rubatsiro rweLGDR, mufananidzo naTony Russell.
Mhuri yeGoldschmidt yave ichimhanyisa bhangi reJ. Goldschmidt Sohn kubvira 1815. Gego, wechitanhatu pavana vanomwe, ndiye aive wekupedzisira kusiya imba yemhuri muHamburg.Achisarudza kumirira kusvikira apedza kudzidza semuvaki, akapa fenicha yemba yacho kune vanopa paminiti yekupedzisira, akakiya gonhi repamberi, ndokukanda kiyi muUlster River.
“Ndichitarira shure, zvakanga zvine ngozi [kugara kwenguva yakareba kudaro].Yaive njodzi imwe chete muVenezuela, ndisingazive payaive pamepu," Gunz akadaro."Mumwe munhu anofanira kunge ari wekupedzisira."
Gego akabvumidzwa kupinda muVenezuela achibva kuUK, uko mhuri yake yepedyo yakawana pekugara kwenguva pfupi.MuVenezuela, somukadzi uye wokune imwe nyika, akatamburira kuwana basa rokuvaka ndokuroora Ernst Gunz muna 1940. Vose vakavhura situdhiyo yemapuranga yekugadzira fenicha.Vaviri ava vaiva nevana vaviri, Thomas naBarbara.Muna 1951 vakaparadzana uye Gego akasangana neshamwari yake yehupenyu Gerd Leifert.
Kunonoka kuwanikwa kwaGego muNorth America neEurope kunokonzerwa nekuti aive muimbi weLatin America uyo, kusiyana nevamwe vezera rake vanozivikanwa muVenezuelan postmodern scene, akasarudza kugara muCaracas pane kubhadhara yakawanda.nguva mumisoro yemifananidzo seParis kana New York.Kusamiririrwa nenzvimbo huru yekutengeserana ndeimwe nyaya.
LGDR yakachengeta basa raGego mumasangano akadai seSan Francisco Museum of Modern Art uye Guggenheim Museum muAbu Dhabi, uye inoti yakaunza kufarira kubva kumamyuziyamu mazhinji, kunyanya sezvo muimbi aine mashoma mabasa makuru ekutengesa.Mitengo ye etchings inotangira pamadhora makumi maviri, inoshanda pabepa $50,000 kusvika $100,000, uye yakawanda inoshanda $250,000.Chorro isingawanzo kusununguka inotengeswa nemari inodarika madhora miriyoni imwe chete.
Gego akaita nguva pfupi ari muAmerica.Muma60s akashanda kuPratt Institute muNew York, ndokuzodzidza pedagogy paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia kuBerkeley uye kunyora paTamarind lithographic studio muLos Angeles.Muna 1965, Museum of Modern Art muNew York yakaratidza nekumutengera Esfera (Spheres) grid, uye muna 1971 akamuratidza Los Chorros nhevedzano mukuratidzira ega paBetty Parsons Gallery muNew York.
"Dai akagara kwenguva yakareba, sevamwe vanyori vekuLatin America vakatamira kuUS, angadai akawana mukurumbira," akadaro mwanakomana wake.“Asi ichocho chakanga chisiri chinangwa chake panguva iyoyo.Venezuela yaive mhenyu [maererano] nehupenyu hwehunyanzvi zvekuti akafunga kuti zviri kuitika ikoko. "Akawedzera kuti: "Aisada kuve nemukurumbira."
Ichi chingave chokwadi, asi muzukuru waGego Esteri anozvibvunzawo kuti nyika inoda nguva yakawanda here kuti vabate Gego.“Zvichida takanga tisina kugadzirira kudzidza nezvebasa rake kusvikira zvino,” akadaro.
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