Panthawi ya Mkuntho Wautali wa Ice M’chaka cha 1998, madzi oundana oundana pazingwe za magetsi ndi mitengo ina inachititsa kuti kumpoto kwa United States ndi kum’mwera kwa Canada kuimike, ndipo anthu ambiri ankazizira ndi mdima kwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo.Kaya ndi makina opangira mphepo, nsanja zamagetsi, ma drones kapena mapiko a ndege, kuchotsa-icing nthawi zambiri kumadalira njira zomwe zimawononga nthawi, zodula komanso / kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana.Koma poyang'ana chilengedwe, ofufuza a McGill akuganiza kuti apeza njira yatsopano yothetsera vutoli.Anauziridwa ndi mapiko a anyani osambira m’madzi oundana a ku Antarctica, ndipo ubweya wawo suchita kuzizira ngakhale kunja kukuzizira kwambiri.
Tidafufuza kaye za masamba a lotus, omwe amachotsa bwino madzi, koma zidapezeka kuti sagwira ntchito bwino pakuchotsa ayezi, "adatero Ann Kitzig, yemwe wakhala akufunafuna mayankho kwazaka pafupifupi khumi ndipo ndi wothandizira pulofesa. .Doctor of Chemical Engineering pa Yunivesite ya McGill, Mtsogoleri wa Laboratory for Biomimetic Surface Engineering: “Sizinatheke mpaka pamene tinayamba kufufuza za nthenga za penguin pamene tinapeza zinthu zongochitika mwachilengedwe zomwe nthawi imodzi zimakhetsa madzi ndi ayezi.”
Thechithunzikumanzere kumasonyeza microstructure ya nthenga ya penguin (kuyandikira kwa 10 micron kuika kumafanana ndi 1/10 ya m'lifupi mwa tsitsi la munthu kuti apereke chidziwitso cha sikelo).Mitsuko ndi nthambizi ndi tsinde lapakati la nthenga za nthambi.."Hooks" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza tsitsi la nthenga limodzi kuti apange khushoni.Kumanja kuli nsalu zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe ochita kafukufuku adazikongoletsa ndi nanogrooves, kutulutsanso mawonekedwe a nthenga za penguin (waya wokhala ndi nanogrooves pamwamba).
"Tinapeza kuti dongosolo laulamuliro la nthenga palokha limapereka mphamvu zotulutsa madzi, ndipo malo awo otsetsereka amachepetsa kukhazikika kwa ayezi," akufotokoza motero Michael Wood, wophunzira waposachedwa yemwe amagwira ntchito ndi Kitzig komanso m'modzi mwa olemba nawo kafukufukuyu.Nkhani yatsopano mu ACS Applied Material Interfaces."Tinatha kutengera izi ndi ma waya odulidwa ndi laser."
Kitzig anawonjezera kuti: “Zitha kuwoneka ngati zosagwirizana, koma chinsinsi cholekanitsa madzi oundana ndi timabowo tomwe timapanga tomwe timayamwa madzi m’nyengo yozizira.Madzi a m’mabowowo amaundana, ndipo akamafutukuka, amapanga ming’alu, monga momwe mungakhalire mufiriji.Ndizofanana ndi zomwe zikuwoneka mu ice cube tray.Tifunika kuchita khama kwambiri kuti tichotse madzi oundana pa mauna athu chifukwa ming’alu ya m’mabowowa imakhala yozungulira pamwamba pa mawaya olukawa.”
Ofufuzawa adayesa malo opindika mumsewu wamphepo ndipo adapeza kuti mankhwalawa anali 95% bwino pokana icing kuposa mapepala osapukutidwa azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Popeza palibe mankhwala opangira mankhwala omwe amafunikira, njira yatsopanoyi imapereka njira yothetsera vuto lomwe lingakhale lopanda kukonza vuto la mapangidwe a ayezi pamakina opangira mphepo, nsanja, mizere yamagetsi ndi ma drones.
"Poganizira kuchuluka kwa malamulo oyendetsa ndege ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike, sizingatheke kuti mapiko a ndege azingokulungidwa ndi zitsulo," adatero Kitzig.“Komabe, n’zotheka kuti tsiku lina pamwamba pa mapiko a ndege pangakhale mmene mapiko a ndege amaonekera, ndipo popeza kuti njira zachikale zochotsa chipale chofewa zimagwirira ntchito limodzi pamwamba pa mapikowo, kudulira mapiko kudzachitika mwa kulumikiza mapiko a penguin.kusonkhezeredwa ndi mmene zinthu zilili pamwamba pake.”
"Malo odalirika oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito ziwiri - ice flaking ndi microstructure-induced ice flaking ndi nanostructure-inhanced water repellency overlay", Michael J. Wood, Gregory Brock, Juliette Debre, Philippe Servio ndi Anne-Marie Kitzig mu ACS Appl.alma mater.interface
McGill University, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku 1821 ku Montreal, Quebec, ndi yunivesite yoyamba ku Canada.Yunivesite ya McGill nthawi zonse imakhala pakati pa mayunivesite apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi komanso padziko lonse lapansi.Ndi bungwe lodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi lamaphunziro apamwamba lomwe lili ndi ntchito zofufuza zomwe zimachitika m'masukulu atatu, 11makoleji, makoleji 13 akatswiri, mapulogalamu 300 ndi ophunzira oposa 40,000, kuphatikizapo oposa 10,200 omaliza maphunziro.McGill imakopa ophunzira ochokera kumayiko opitilira 150, ndipo ophunzira ake 12,800 apadziko lonse lapansi amapanga 31% ya ophunzira.Oposa theka la ophunzira a McGill amati chinenero chawo choyamba si Chingerezi, ndipo pafupifupi 19% mwa iwo amalankhula Chifalansa ngati chinenero chawo choyamba.