Ib txoj hlua ntawm cov kav hlau txuas sib txuas tau tawg los ntawm lub qab nthab, ntog rau hauv pem teb, bounces thiab tawm, thiab tseem raug tshem tawm, zoo li yog mob siab rau sau rau saum huab cua los ntawm txhais tes loj heev.Qhov no hu ua "Chorro", los yog ntws, yog qhov ua tau yog cov lus ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, ntev-tsis lees paub German-Venezuelan tus kws kos duab Gego (1912-1994), nws mob siab rau tsim.hlaulus.
Gego yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev taug kev rov qab los, Gego: Dimension of Infinity, uas yuav nthuav tawm ntawm Museo Jumex hauv Mexico City kom txog rau thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2023. Kev nthuav qhia yuav txuas ntxiv rau lub Peb Hlis ntawm Solomon R. Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv New York thiab xaus. ntawm Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Bilbao.Lub caij no, lub gallery LGDR hauv Paris tau nyuam qhuav pib ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas tus kws kos duab hu ua Kab hauv Chaw.
Gego kawm architecture hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees.Gego tau yug los rau hauv ib lub tsev neeg Yudais vam meej hauv Hamburg.Nws tsuas yog pib ua kev kos duab ntawm 41, tau tshoov siab los ntawm nws tus khub, tus tsim duab kos duab thiab tus kws kos duab Gerd Leifert.Txawm hais tias nws pib lig rau nws txoj haujlwm, tsis ntev nws tau ua haujlwm nto moo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv nws lub tebchaws Venezuela, qhov chaw Gego pom qhov chaw nkaum tom qab khiav tawm ntawm Nazi tsoom fwv hauv 1939.
Kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv zos thiab geometric abstraction, nws tau tuav rov qab rau xyoo 1977 ntawm Sofia Imber, Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art.Nws cov hauj lwm pej xeem tseem tuaj yeem pom thoob plaws hauv Caracas thiab nws tau qhia hauv Central University of Venezuela thiab ntawm Neumann Foundation School of Design.
Chorros installation nyob rau hauv Barquisimeto Tsev khaws puav pheej, 1985. Courtesy ntawm LGDR, yees duab los ntawm Tony Russell.
"Peb lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog muag xwb, tab sis nthuav dav cov neeg tuaj saib thiab kev paub ntawm Gego," said Emilio Steinberger, tus khub laus ntawm LGDR, uas tau kho lub rooj nthuav qhia Paris nrog tus tsim duab kos duab Dominique Levy.Qhov no yog qhov thib peb kev nthuav qhia ntawm Gego txoj haujlwm txij li LGDR tau los ua thawj lub chaw lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los koom tes nrog nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam hauv 2015.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab rau lub hom phiaj yog ib tus neeg paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Gego.Steinberger hais ntxiv tias "Nws yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo heev, ua haujlwm zoo uas tuaj yeem txaus siab rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag,""Cov duab puab zoo li no tsis muaj [ntawm lub vas]."
Gego paub txog nws txoj kev kos duab txuam nrog "pob tshab", tsis kam hu nws cov duab puab tsim, uas nws ntseeg tias tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev sib piv.“Peb-dimensional duab ntawm cov khoom siv.Tsis yog kuv ua dab tsi!"nws sau.
Txog rau qhov kawg no, nws ua si lom zem tshawb nrhiav cov xov raws li "autonomous" qhov chaw, tsim los ntawm nwsvaj tsethiab engineering keeb kwm ntawm Stuttgart lub koom haum thev naus laus zis, qhov chaw nws yog ib qho kawg hauv "Hmo ntuj ntawm Cov iav tawg" lossis "Hmo ntuj ntawm cov Crystals".Ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm Kunstmuseum Stuttgart ua ntej lub xyoo no tau tsom mus rau qhov cuam tshuam nws cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm nws cov lus pom tshwj xeeb.
"Kuv tau raug qhia ua tus kws tsim qauv kos cov kab nrog lub ntsiab lus meej uas txhais daim ntawv lossis qhov chaw, ua cov cim ntawm kev txwv uas tsis muaj lub neej ntawm lawv tus kheej.Ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd, kuv pom qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm cov kab lawv tus kheej, "nws sau."Qee lub sij hawm kab hauv nruab nrab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ib yam li kab nws tus kheej."
Gego ua haujlwm ntawm Chorros installation ntawm Barquisimeto Tsev khaws puav pheej, 1985. Kev saib xyuas ntawm LGDR, duab los ntawm Tony Russell.
Ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Paris exhibition yog qhov "Chorro" uas Gego pib tsim tawm xyoo 1979, ib qho ntawm 15 qhov loj tshaj tawm ntawm nws hom.Tom qab ntawd nws tau ntxiv nws qhov tshiab "Reticulárea" (lub ntsiab lus "cov cheeb tsam network") cov ntaub ntawv, uas muaj cov duab peb sab mesh tsim los ntawm cov xov hlau nyias los yog nyias cov pas nrig hauv braided nets ntawm ntau yam geometries."Grid zones" tuaj yeem qhib thiab sau ib chav zoo li cov hnub qub, lossis poob zoo li tapestry.Lawv yog cov tsis sib xws, organic, tsis yooj yim thiab cosmic vim lawv yog cov hlau nplaum vibrating hauv qhov chaw.Tsis zoo li cov tes hauj lwm, lawv tsis muaj qhov chaw tiag tiag, qhov pib, qhov kawg, lossis cov ntsiab lus meej.
Ua tsaug rau ib feem ntawm, raws li nws tau hais, nws txoj haujlwm yog "ua raws" thiab "tsim kev lom zem," Gego nyiam eschew cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov qauv.Los ntawm xyoo 1950 txog rau xyoo 1980, nws cuam tshuam nrog kev txav mus los uas tau them rau South American kos duab scene tab sis hla lawv.Cov no suav nrog kinetic art, uas nws cov phooj ywg suav nrog Jesús Rafael Soto thiab Carlos Cruz-Diez, thiab geometric abstraction los ntawm Alejandro Otero, nrog rau cov kev kos duab hauv cheeb tsam.
"Ib zaug nws chim siab heev thiab tuaj yeem ua ib yam dab tsi," nco qab nws tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Esther Crespin Gunz thaum qhib LGDR, uas yooj yim lees paub vim tsev neeg zoo sib xws.Ib tug introvert, Gego tsis tshua tham txog nws daim duab nrog nws tsev neeg thiab feem ntau nyiam ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej, txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb tshiab los ntawm Stuttgart Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Art qhia tau hais tias nws tau koom tes nrog lwm tus kws ua yeeb yam, suav nrog Venezuelan tus kws ua las voos thiab tus kws kos duab Sonya Sonoha.
“Thaum nws nrhiav tau stainlesshlauxaim, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej thiab nws tus kheej heev thiab ncaj qha txij thaum pib mus rau qhov kawg vim nws tsis xav tau lwm tus los txiav txim siab seb nws ua dab tsi, "said Crespin, tus kws tsim vaj tsev thiab ib tus ntawm cov tsim.Fondación Gego hauv Caracas, tsim tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus kws kos duab.(Lwm tus tub xeeb ntxwv yog tus neeg pleev kob Elias Crespin.) Los ntawm qhov sib piv, cov haujlwm loj hauv pej xeem thiab cov ntaub ntawv duab puab thaum ntxov ua los ntawm cov hlau hnyav hnyav yuav tsum tau txais kev pab los ntawm cov kws txawj ua haujlwm.
Gego ua haujlwm ib leeg lossis ntiav cov tub ntxhais kawm los pab ua haujlwm 3D loj dua, tab sis ntau ntawm nws cov duab kos thiab cov xim dej ntawm daim ntawv tau ua tiav hauv ib lub studio uas nyob ib leeg, Gego tus tub Thomas Gunz hais rau Artnet Xov Xwm hauv xov tooj nrog Say.Ntau yam ntawm cov haujlwm no tau suav nrog hauv Parisian exhibitions thiab taug kev rov qab los.Lwm yam haujlwm ntawm kev nthuav tawm suav nrog nws qhov zoo nkauj "Dibujo sin papel" [kos duab tsis muaj ntawv], mesh spheres thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, phau ntawv, luam tawm, "Bichos" (tsiaj me me los yog kab), kab ua ke, thiab nws tom qab "Tejeduras" ( braids ).).
Txawm hais tias Guntz paub txog nws niam txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab ua kev zoo siab hauv Venezuela, nws hais tias "peb tsuas yog pib nkag siab txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tom qab nws tuag, thaum Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Fine Arts hauv Houston tau tuav nws thawj qhov kev nthuav qhia thoob ntiaj teb [hauv 2002] .
Pablo Leon, Latin de la Barra curator hais tias "Txawm hais tias muaj kev siv zog ntawm ob peb tus kws tshawb fawb thiab tus saib xyuas hauv ob lub xyoo dhau los los tsim Gego qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov canon niaj hnub no, nws tseem yog ib tus neeg tsis paub meej hauv Tebchaws Meskas," Pablo Leon, Latin de la Barra curator hais.sau.American Art ntawm Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv New York, thiab tus khub kws saib xyuas Janine Gutiérrez-Guimaraes, hauv email rau Artnet Xov Xwm.Ob leeg tau pab txhim kho qhov kev rov qab los tam sim no, uas yog lub hom phiaj los txhawb "kev nkag siab ntau dua thiab kev txaus siab ntawm [Gego's] ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm 20th-century modernism."lub ramps nyob rau hauv lub rotunda highlight Gego txoj kev sib tham nrog lwm tus creators thiab cov pej xeem.
Gego's profile tiag tiag tau sawv nrog kev ncig thoob ntiaj teb rov qab los ntawm 2002 Houston MFA qhia, pib los ntawm Museo de Bellas Artes de Caracas, thiab lwm kauj ruam loj yog thawj qhov yeeb yam loj hauv 2013 ntawm Kunsthalle Kunsthalle hauv Hamburg, Lub teb chaws Yelemees.Nws txuas ntxiv ntawm Art Museum hauv Stuttgart thiab Henry Moore lub koom haum hauv Leeds, UK.
Exhibition hauv Hamburg "Gego.Txoj kab ua ib yam khoom "tau dhau los ua qhov pib rau kev nkag siab ntawm nws txoj haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Europe, thiab rau ntau tus nws tau qhib qhov muag," Brigitte Kölle, tus kws saib xyuas kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev nthuav qhia, "tab sis tseem muaj ntau yam mus. ”
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, lub tsev khaws puav pheej kuj muaj ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm tus kws kos duab Eva Hesse, uas tau khiav tawm Hamburg ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau menyuam yaus nqa cov menyuam yaus.
Kelle tau hais tias nws tsis xav tias Gego cov neeg Yudais tau pab txhawb rau nws qhov kev lig kev cai hauv tebchaws Yelemes, sau tseg tias txij li xyoo 1990, cov kws tshawb fawb tau nquag nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog German cov neeg Yudais cov neeg tawg rog los ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.Txawm li cas los xij, "tseem muaj qee qhov kev txaj muag," nws hais.Cov khoom pov thawj xyoo 2013 kuj tseem muaj cov plaque ua kev nco txog Gego, uas tau teeb tsa los ntawm tus thawj coj hauv nroog hauv nws lub tsev qub.
Gego ua haujlwm ntawm Chorros installation ntawm Barquisimeto Tsev khaws puav pheej, 1985. Kev saib xyuas ntawm LGDR, duab los ntawm Tony Russell.
Tsev neeg Goldschmidt tau khiav lub txhab nyiaj J. Goldschmidt Sohn txij li xyoo 1815. Gego, tus thib rau ntawm xya tus menyuam, yog tus kawg tau tawm hauv tsev neeg villa hauv Hamburg.Kev txiav txim siab tos kom txog thaum nws kawm tiav los ua tus kws kos duab, nws tau pub lub tsev cov rooj tog rau kev siab hlub thaum kawg, kaw lub qhov rooj, thiab muab tus yuam sij pov rau hauv Ulster River.
"Saib rov qab, nws muaj kev pheej hmoo [kom nyob ntev li ntawd].Nws yog tib yam kev pheej hmoo hauv Venezuela, tsis tshua paub tias nws nyob qhov twg hauv daim ntawv qhia, "Gunz hais."Ib tug yuav tsum tau kawg."
Gego tau tso cai nkag mus hauv Venezuela los ntawm UK, qhov chaw uas nws tsev neeg tam sim ntawd pom qhov chaw nyob ib ntus.Nyob rau hauv Venezuela, raws li ib tug poj niam thiab ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws, nws nyuaj nrhiav hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab sib yuav Ernst Gunz nyob rau hauv 1940. Ua ke lawv qhib ib tug ntoo rooj tog tsim studio.Nkawd muaj ob tug menyuam, Thomas thiab Barbara.Xyoo 1951 lawv tau sib cais thiab Gego ntsib nws tus khub lub neej Gerd Leifert.
Gego qhov kev tshawb pom lig nyob rau hauv North America thiab Europe yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib tus kws kos duab Latin American uas, tsis zoo li qee tus ntawm nws cov phooj ywg zoo nyob hauv Venezuelan postmodern scene, xaiv nyob hauv Caracas es tsis them nyiaj ntau dua.lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv kos duab capitals xws li Paris los yog New York.Tsis raug sawv cev los ntawm lub chaw lag luam loj yog lwm qhov teeb meem.
LGDR tau tso Gego cov haujlwm hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv xws li San Francisco Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj Hnub Ua Yeeb Yam thiab Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Abu Dhabi, thiab hais tias nws tau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab los ntawm ntau lub tsev cia puav pheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim tias tus kws kos duab muaj ob peb yam haujlwm loj los muag.Tus nqi rau etchings yog li ntawm $ 20,000, ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv $ 50,000 txog $ 100,000, thiab ua haujlwm ntau $ 250,000.Ib qho tsis tshua muaj kev ywj pheej Chorro muag rau ntau dua $ 1.5 lab.
Gego tau siv sijhawm luv luv hauv Asmeskas.Nyob rau hauv lub 60s nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Pratt lub koom haum nyob rau hauv New York, ces kawm pedagogy ntawm University of California ntawm Berkeley thiab engraving ntawm lub Tamarind lithographic studio nyob rau hauv Los Angeles.Nyob rau hauv 1965, lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj hnub nimno Art nyob rau hauv New York tau nthuav tawm thiab yuav nws Esfera (Spheres) daim phiaj, thiab nyob rau hauv 1971 nws tau nthuav tawm nws cov Los Chorros series nyob rau hauv ib tug solo exhibition ntawm Betty Parsons Gallery hauv New York.
"Yog tias nws nyob ntev dua, zoo li lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam Latin Asmeskas uas tau tsiv mus rau Asmeskas, nws yuav tau txais kev lees paub ntau dua," nws tus tub hais.“Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog nws lub hom phiaj thaum lub sijhawm.Venezuela tseem ciaj sia [hais txog] lub neej kev ua yeeb yam uas nws xav tias nws tau tshwm sim nyob ntawd. "Nws hais ntxiv tias: "Nws tsis xav ua neeg nto moo."
Qhov no tej zaum yuav muaj tseeb, tab sis Gego tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Esther kuj xav paub yog tias lub ntiaj teb xav tau sijhawm ntxiv los caum Gego."Tej zaum peb tsis tau npaj los kawm txog nws txoj haujlwm txog tam sim no," nws hais.
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