Puka mai ke kaula o na paipu metala i hoopili ia mai ke kaupaku aku, a haule i ka papahele, a lele iluna a puka iwaho, a paa i ka lohi, me he mea la i kakauia ma ka lewa e ka lima nunui.ʻO kēia mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Chorro", a i ʻole kahe, ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo a ke kanaka pena kiʻi Kelemania-Venezuela i ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻo Gego (1912-1994), kona hoʻokumu paʻakikī.metalaʻōlelo.
ʻO Gego ke kumuhana o kahi huakaʻi huakaʻi nui, Gego: Dimension of Infinity, e hōʻike ʻia ma ka Museo Jumex ma Mexico City a hiki i Pepeluali 2023. E hoʻomau ʻia ka hōʻikeʻike ma Malaki ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Solomon R. Guggenheim ma New York a pau. ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Guggenheim ma Bilbao.I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomaka ka hale kiʻi LGDR ma Paris i kahi loiloi kiʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Lines in Space.
Ua aʻo ʻo Gego i ka hoʻolālā hale ma Kelemānia.Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Gego i loko o kahi ʻohana Iudaio holomua a waiwai ma Hamburg.Ua hoʻomaka wale ʻo ia e hana i ke kiʻi ma 41, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e kāna hoa hana, mea hoʻolālā kiʻi a me ka mea pena ʻo Gerd Leifert.ʻOiai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana, ua hana koke ʻo ia i kahi ʻoihana kaulana a koʻikoʻi i kāna ʻāina hānai ʻo Venezuela, kahi i loaʻa ai iā Gego kahi puʻuhonua ma hope o kona holo ʻana i ke aupuni Nazi i 1939.
Hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kiʻi cinematic kūloko a me ka abstraction geometric, ua mālama ʻo ia i kahi retrospective ma 1977 ma Sofia Imber, Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kāna mau hana lehulehu ma Caracas a ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ke Kulanui Nui o Venezuela a ma ke Kula Hoʻolālā ʻo Neumann Foundation.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Chorros ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Barquisimeto, 1985. Na LGDR, kiʻi na Tony Russell.
"ʻAʻole wale kā mākou misionari e kūʻai aku, akā e hoʻonui i ka lehulehu a me ka ʻike o Gego," wahi a Emilio Steinberger, ka hoa hana nui ma LGDR, nāna i mālama i ka hōʻike Paris me ka mea hoʻokumu hale kiʻi ʻo Dominique Levy.ʻO kēia ke kolu o ka hōʻikeʻike o ka hana a Gego mai ka wā i lilo ai ʻo LGDR i hale kiʻi kūʻai mua honua e hui pū me kāna waiwai ma 2015.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no ka misionari he kamaʻāina pilikino me nā hana a Gego."He hana poʻomanaʻo loa ia e hiki ke mahalo ʻia i ke ola maoli," wahi a Steinberger."ʻAʻole i loaʻa kahi kiʻi uea ephemeral [ma ka ʻupena]."
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Gego no kāna hana kiʻi e pili ana i ka "transparency", hōʻole ʻo ia e kāhea i kāna mau hana kiʻi kiʻi, kahi āna i manaʻoʻiʻo ai he hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia.“ʻEkolu-dimensional kinona mea paʻa.ʻAʻole loa he aha kaʻu e hana nei!"kākau ʻo ia.
I kēia hopena, ʻimi pāʻani ʻo ia i ke kaula ma ke ʻano he "autonomous" i hoʻomohala ʻia mai iahale kūkulu halea me ka ʻenekinia hope ma ka Stuttgart Institute of Technology, kahi ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hope loa i ka "Night of Broken Glass" a i ʻole "Night of the Crystals".ʻO kahi hōʻikeʻike ma Kunstmuseum Stuttgart ma mua o kēia makahiki i kālele ʻia i ka hopena o kāna ʻike loea i kāna ʻōlelo ʻike kūʻokoʻa.
“Ua aʻo ʻia au ma ke ʻano he mea kākau kiʻi e kaha i nā laina me kahi manaʻo maopopo e wehewehe i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka lewa, he mau hōʻailona o nā palena ʻaʻole loaʻa ke ola o lākou iho.He mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻike au i ka nani o nā laina ponoʻī, "kākau ʻo ia."I kekahi manawa he mea nui ka laina waena e like me ka laina pono'ī."
Ke hana nei ʻo Gego i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o Chorros ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Barquisimeto, 1985. Na LGDR, kiʻi na Tony Russell.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻikeʻike Paris ʻo ia ka "Chorro" kūʻokoʻa a Gego i hoʻomaka ai e hana i ka makahiki 1979, ʻo ia kekahi o 15 mau mea hoʻokuʻu nui o kona ʻano.Ma hope mai ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i kāna mau ʻano hou ʻo "Reticulárea" (ʻo ia hoʻi "nā wahi pūnaewele"), ʻo ia nā ʻano mesh triangular i haku ʻia me nā uwea lahilahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lahilahi i loko o nā ʻupena wili o nā geometries like ʻole.Hiki i nā "Grid zones" ke wehe a hoʻopiha i kahi lumi e like me nā constellation, a i ʻole e hāʻule i lalo e like me ka tapestry.ʻAʻole maʻamau lākou, kūlohelohe, palupalu a me ka cosmic no ka mea he mau mea hao hao e haʻalulu ana i ka lewa.ʻAʻole like me nā pūnaewele, ʻaʻohe o lākou kikowaena maoli, hoʻomaka, hopena, a i ʻole wehewehe wehewehe.
Mahalo i kekahi hapa, e like me kāna ʻōlelo ʻana, ʻo kāna hana "ma muli o ka hana" a "hoʻokumu ʻia no ka leʻaleʻa," makemake ʻo Gego e haʻalele i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻano hana.Mai ka makahiki 1950 a hiki i ka makahiki 1980, ua hui ia me nā neʻe i hoʻopiʻi i ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi o ʻAmelika Hema akā ua hala lākou.ʻO kēia mau mea he kinetic art, e hōʻike ana i kāna mau hoaaloha me Jesús Rafael Soto lāua ʻo Carlos Cruz-Diez, a me ka geometric abstraction e Alejandro Otero, a me nā neʻe kiʻi paʻa ʻāina.
"I kekahi manawa ua huhū loa ʻo ia a hiki ke lilo i mea ʻē aʻe," i hoʻomanaʻo ai kāna moʻopuna ʻo Esther Crespin Gunz i ka wehe ʻana o LGDR, ka mea maʻalahi ke ʻike ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻohana.He kanaka hoʻokalakupua, ʻaʻole i kamaʻilio ʻo Gego i kāna hana kiʻi me kona ʻohana a makemake ʻo ia e hana kūʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ʻo ka noiʻi hou mai ka Stuttgart Museum of Art e hōʻike ana ua hui pū ʻo ia me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea hula Venezuelan a me ka choreographer ʻo Sonya Sonoha.
“I kona ʻike ʻana i ka stainlesskilauwea, hiki iā ia ke hana iā ia iho a he manawaleʻa loa a pololei mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana a hiki i ka pau ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia i kahi mea ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo i kāna mea e hana nei, "wahi a Crespin, he mea kākau a me kekahi mai nā mea hoʻokumu.ka Fondación Gego ma Caracas, i hana ʻia ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka mea pena.(ʻO kekahi moʻopuna ʻo ia ka mea pena ʻo Elias Crespin.) ʻO ka mea ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā hana lehulehu nui a me nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi laina parallel mua i hana ʻia mai nā koʻokoʻo ʻoi aku ke kaumaha e pono ai ke kōkua o nā mea hana akamai.
Hana wale ʻo Gego a hoʻolimalima paha i kekahi haumāna e kōkua i nā hana 3D nui aʻe, akā ua hana ʻia ka nui o kāna mau kaha kiʻi a me nā kala wai ma ka pepa ma kahi keʻena kaʻawale, haʻi aku ke keiki a Gego ʻo Thomas Gunz iā Artnet News ma ke kelepona me Say.Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka nui o kēia mau hana i nā hōʻikeʻike Parisian a me nā huakaʻi hele hope.ʻO nā hana ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ia kāna "Dibujo sin papel" [ke kaha kiʻi ʻole me ka pepa], mesh spheres a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, nā puke, nā paʻi, "Bichos" (nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​beetles), ka hana laina like, a me kāna "Tejeduras" ma hope. ).).
ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻo Guntz i ka ʻoihana ikaika a kaulana o kona makuahine ma Venezuela, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia "ua hoʻomaka wale mākou e hoʻomaopopo i ka pili o kāna hana ma hope o kona make ʻana, i ka wā i mālama ai ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Fine Arts ma Houston i kāna hōʻikeʻike kūʻokoʻa honua mua [ma 2002] .
"ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o kekahi mau loea a me nā mea mālama i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala iho nei e hoʻokumu i kahi o Gego i ka canon modernist, ua noho mau ʻo ia i mea pohihihi i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa," wahi a Pablo Leon, ka mea mālama ʻo Latin de la Barra.kākau.ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Guggenheim ma New York, a me ka hoa curator Janine Gutiérrez-Guimaraes, ma ka leka uila i Artnet News.Ua kōkua nā mea ʻelua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka retrospective o kēia manawa, e manaʻo ana e hoʻoikaika i ka "ʻike nui a me ka mahalo i kā [Gego] hana i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka 20th-century modernism."Hōʻike nā ramps o ka rotunda i nā kamaʻilio ʻana o Gego me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe a me ka lehulehu.
Ua piʻi maoli ka moʻolelo o Gego me kahi huakaʻi huakaʻi hele honua ma ka hōʻike MFA 2002 Houston, i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia e ka Museo de Bellas Artes de Caracas, a ʻo kekahi hana nui ʻo ia ka hōʻike nui mua ma 2013 ma Kunsthalle Kunsthalle ma Hamburg, Kelemānia.Ke hoʻomau nei ia ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Art ma Stuttgart a me ka Henry Moore Institute ma Leeds, UK.
Hōʻikeʻike ma Hamburg "Gego.ʻO ka laina ma ke ʻano he mea "ua lilo ia i wahi hoʻomaka no ka ʻike ʻana i kāna hana ma ʻEulopa, a no nā mea he nui i wehe i nā maka," wahi a Brigitte Kölle, ka mea nāna i mālama i ka hōʻikeʻike, "akā he nui nā mea e hele ai. ”
I kēlā manawa, ua loaʻa i ka hale hōʻikeʻike kahi hōʻikeʻike like o ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo Eva Hesse, ʻo ia hoʻi i holo aku iā Hamburg ma ke kaʻaahi keiki e lawe ana i nā keiki Iudaio.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kelle, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo ua kōkua ʻo Gego i kona lohi ʻana i Kelemania, me ka ʻike ʻana mai ka makahiki 1990, ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā mea noiʻi i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mea mahuka mai ke Kaua Honua II.Eia nō naʻe, "aia kekahi ʻano hilahila," wahi āna.Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka hōʻike 2013 i kahi plaque e hoʻomanaʻo ana iā Gego, i hoʻokomo ʻia e kekahi luna kūlanakauhale ma kona home kahiko.
Ke hana nei ʻo Gego i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o Chorros ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Barquisimeto, 1985. Na LGDR, kiʻi na Tony Russell.
Ua mālama ka ʻohana Goldschmidt i ka waihona kālā ʻo J. Goldschmidt Sohn mai ka makahiki 1815. ʻO Gego, ke ono o nā keiki ʻehiku, ʻo ia ka mea hope loa i haʻalele i ka hale ʻohana ma Hamburg.Ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e kali a puka ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kākela, hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā lako o ka hale i ke aloha i ka minuke hope, laka i ka puka mua, a hoʻolei i ke kī i ka muliwai ʻo Ulster.
“Ke nānā nei i hope, ua pilikia ia [e noho lōʻihi].ʻO ia ka pilikia like ma Venezuela, me ka ʻike ʻole i kahi o ka palapala honua, "wahi a Gunz."Pono kekahi i hope."
Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Gego e komo i Venezuela mai UK, kahi i loaʻa ai i kona ʻohana pili kahi wahi hoʻomaha.Ma Venezuela, ma ke ʻano he wahine a he haole, ua paʻakikī ʻo ia e ʻimi i ka hana ma ke kūkulu hale a male ʻo ia iā Ernst Gunz i ka makahiki 1940. Ua wehe pū lāua i kahi hale hoʻolālā hale lāʻau.He ʻelua keiki a lāua, ʻo Thomas lāua ʻo Barbara.I ka makahiki 1951 ua kaʻawale lāua a ua hui ʻo Gego me kāna hoa ola ʻo Gerd Leifert.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o Gego ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻEulopa ma muli o ka mea ʻo ia he mea pena kiʻi ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻaʻole like me kekahi o kāna mau hoa kaulana i ka hiʻohiʻona postmodern Venezuelan, ua koho ʻo ia e noho ma Caracas ma mua o ka uku ʻoi aku.manawa i nā poʻokela kiʻi e like me Paris a me New York.ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia e kahi hale kiʻi kūʻai nui he mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua mālama ʻo LGDR i nā hana a Gego i loko o nā ʻoihana e like me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo San Francisco o Modern Art a me ka Guggenheim Museum ma Abu Dhabi, a ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua hoʻopuka ʻo ia i ka hoihoi mai nā hale hōʻikeʻike he nui, ʻoiai ʻoiai he kakaikahi nā hana nui e kūʻai aku ai ka mea pena.He $20,000 ke kumu kūʻai no ka etchings, hana ma ka pepa $50,000 a i $100,000, a he $250,000 ka hana nui.Ua kūʻai ʻia kahi Chorro kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa no ka $1.5 miliona wale nō.
He manawa pōkole ʻo Gego ma ʻAmelika.I ka makahiki 60 ua hana ʻo ia ma ke Keʻena Pratt ma New York, a laila ua aʻo ʻo ia i ke aʻo ʻana ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi ma Berkeley a me ke kahakaha ʻana ma ke kekona lithographic Tamarind ma Los Angeles.I ka makahiki 1965, ua hōʻike a kūʻai aku ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Modern Art ma New York i kāna pahu Esfera (Spheres), a i ka makahiki 1971 ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kāna moʻolelo Los Chorros ma kahi hōʻikeʻike solo ma ka Betty Parsons Gallery ma New York.
"Inā ʻo ia i noho lōʻihi, e like me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻAmelika Latin i neʻe aku i ʻAmelika, ua loaʻa paha iā ia ka ʻike hou aku," wahi a kāna keiki.“Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia kāna pahuhopu i kēlā manawa.Ua ola loa ʻo Venezuela [ma ke ʻano o] ola noʻeau a manaʻo ʻo ia e hana ʻia ana ma laila.Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia: "ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia e kaulana."
He ʻoiaʻiʻo paha kēia, akā noʻonoʻo pū ka moʻopuna a Gego ʻo ʻEsetera inā makemake ka honua i ka manawa hou aku e hopu iā Gego."ʻAʻole paha mākou i mākaukau e aʻo e pili ana i kāna hana a hiki i kēia manawa," wahi āna.
© Artnet Worldwide Corporation, 2022 г.isnewsletter = pagetypeurl.includes(“?page_1″); w = pagetype + 20 * Math.round(w / 20), h = pagetype + 20 * Math.round(h / 20), googletag.cmd.push(function() {googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“width ”, w), googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“kiʻekiʻe”, h), 1 == isnewsletter && googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“isfirstpage”, ['Y', pagetypeforce] ) }); w = тип страницы + 20 * Math.round(w/20), h = тип страницы + 20 * Math.round(h/20), googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().setTargeting( “ākea “, w), googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“высота”, h), 1 == isnewsletter && googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“isfirstpage”, ['Y', pagetypeforce] )}); w = pagetype + 20 * Math.round(w / 20), h = pagetype + 20 * Math.round(h / 20), googletag.cmd.push(function() {googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“宽度”, w), googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“kiʻekiʻe”, h), 1 == isnewsletter && googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“isfirstpage”, ['Y', pagetypeforce] ) }); w = тип страницы + 20 * Math.round(w/20), h = тип страницы + 20 * Math.round(h/20), googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().setTargeting( “宽度”, w), googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“высота”, h), 1 == isnewsletter && googletag.pubads().setTargeting(“isfirstpage”, ['Y', pagetypeforce] ) }); (hana defernl() {inā (window.jQuery) {inā (jQuery(window).width() > 619) {setTimeout(hana() {var cookieSettings = {hō'ike hou 'ia: {expiration_minutes: 5}, kakauinoa: { expiration_days: 14}, closedSignupBar: {expiration_days: 5} }; var generalSettings = {loadFontAwesome: false}; ina (!window.jQuery) loadJQuery();var $ = window.jQuery; hana addCss(Name faila) {var poo = palapala. poʻo , loulou = document.createElement('link'); link.type = 'text/css'; link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.href = fileName; head.appendChild(loulou); } hana appendNewsletterSignup() { var signup = ” // huna ma nā kelepona paʻalima + ' @media (nui-ākea: 575px){ #ouibounce-modal {hōʻike:ʻaʻohe ! mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 767px){ .pani -kau inoa {luna:0 !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 1199px){ #ouibounce-modal .description {font-size:13px !important;} }' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + 'E kiʻi i nā moʻolelo i koho lima ʻia mai kā mākou mea hoʻoponopono i hāʻawi pololei ʻia i kāu pahu pahu i kēlā me kēia lā.' + ” + ” + (функция defernl() {inā (window.jQuery) {inā (jQuery(window).width() > 619) {setTimeout(function() {var cookieSettings = { недавно показано: { expire_minutes: 5 }, kakauinoa: { expire_days : 14 }, ClosedSignupBar: {дней_истечения: 5} }; var generalSettings = {loadFontAwesome: false}; ina (!window.jQuery) loadJQuery(); var $ = window.jQuery; hana addCss(fileName) {var poo = palapala . poo , loulou = document.createElement('link'); link.type = 'text/css'; link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.href = fileName; head.appendChild(link); } hana appendNewsletterSignup() { var signup = ” // скрыть на мобильных телефонах + ' @media (max-width: 575px){ #ouibounce-modal {hōʻike:ʻaʻohe !important;} }' + ' @media (max-width: 767px){ . hoʻopaʻa inoa {luna:0 !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 1199px){ #ouibounce-modal .description {font-size:13px !mea nui;} }' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + 'Каждый день получайте тщательно отобранные истории от наших редакторов прямо на ваш почтовый истории от наших редакторов прямо на ваш почтовый ищик ” +.' (hana defernl() {inā (window.jQuery) {inā (jQuery(window).width() > 619) {setTimeout(hana() {var cookieSettings = {hō'ike hou 'ia: {expiration_minutes: 5}, kakauinoa: { expiration_days: 14}, closedSignupBar: {expiration_days: 5} }; var generalSettings = {loadFontAwesome: false}; ina (!window.jQuery) loadJQuery();var $ = window.jQuery; hana addCss(Name faila) {var poo = palapala. poo, loulou = document.createElement('link'); link.type = 'text/css'; link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.href = fileName; head.appendChild(loulou); } hana appendNewsletterSignup() { var signup = ” //在手机上隐藏 + ' @media (max-width: 575px){ #ouibounce-modal {hōʻike:ʻaʻohe !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 767px){ . kokoke -kau inoa {luna:0 !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 1199px){ #ouibounce-modal .description {font-size:13px !important;} }' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + '从我们的编辑那里获取每天直接发送到您的收件箱的精选故事。' + ” + ” + (функция defernl() {inā (window.jQuery) {inā (jQuery(window).width() > 619) {setTimeout(function() {var cookieSettings = { недавно показано: { expire_minutes: 5 }, kakauinoa: { expire_days : 14 }, ClosedSignupBar: {дней_истечения: 5} }; var generalSettings = {loadFontAwesome: false}; ina (!window.jQuery) loadJQuery(); var $ = window.jQuery; hana addCss(fileName) {var poo = palapala . poo, loulou = document.createElement('link'); link.type = 'text/css'; link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.href = fileName; head.appendChild(loulou); } hana appendNewsletterSignup() { var signup = ” //在手机上隐藏 + ' @media (max-width: 575px){ #ouibounce-modal {hōʻike:ʻaʻohe !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 767px){ . hoʻopaʻa inoa {luna:0 !mea nui;} }' + ' @media (nui-ākea: 1199px){ #ouibounce-modal .description {font-size:13px !mea nui;} }' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + '从我们的编辑那里获取每天直接发送到您的收件箱的精选故事。' + ” + ” +” + ” + ” + '请输入有效的电子邮件地址' + ” + ” + '注册失败。 请稍后再试。' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ' ' + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + ” + '感谢您的订阅！' + ” + '
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