Mahalo no kou kipa ʻana iā Nature.com.Ke hoʻohana nei ʻoe i kahi polokalamu kele pūnaewele me ke kākoʻo CSS palena ʻole.No ka ʻike maikaʻi loa, manaʻo mākou e hoʻohana i kahi polokalamu kele pūnaewele hou (a i ʻole e hoʻopau i ke ʻano Compatibility Mode ma Internet Explorer).Eia kekahi, e hōʻoia i ke kākoʻo mau, hōʻike mākou i ka pūnaewele me ka ʻole o nā styles a me JavaScript.
ʻO nā slider e hōʻike ana i ʻekolu ʻatikala ma kēlā me kēia paheʻe.E hoʻohana i nā pihi hope a i hope no ka neʻe ʻana i nā paheʻe, a i ʻole nā ​​pihi hoʻokele paheʻe ma ka hopena e neʻe i kēlā me kēia paheʻe.
hōʻike ʻia ma ka stratification electrochemical o ka boron hoʻokō ʻole i loko o nā boron ʻāpana lahilahi.Loaʻa ʻia kēia hopena kūʻokoʻa ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka boron nui i loko o ka mesh mesh e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokele uila a wehe i kahi no ka hana boron me kēia hoʻolālā kūpono.ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia i nā electrolytes like ʻole e hāʻawi i kahi mea hana ikaika no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā flakes borene o nā ʻano like ʻole me ka mānoanoa o ~3-6 nm.Hōʻike ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻopau electrochemical o ka boron.No laila, hiki ke hana i ke ʻano i manaʻo ʻia he mea hana hou no ka hana nui ʻana i nā burs thin-layer a hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka noiʻi e pili ana i nā burs a me kā lākou mau noi kūpono.
Ua loaʻa i nā mea ʻelua-dimensional (2D) ka hoihoi nui i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa e like me ka conductivity uila a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana koʻikoʻi.ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea graphene ua huki ʻia ka manaʻo i nā mea 2D ʻē aʻe, no laila ke noiʻi nui ʻia nei nā mea 2D hou.Ma waho aʻe o ka graphene kaulana, ua aʻo ikaika ʻia ka transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) e like me WS21, MoS22, MoSe3, a me WSe4.ʻOiai nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), ʻeleʻele phosphorus a me ka boronene i hana maikaʻi ʻia.Ma waena o lākou, ua hoʻokipa nui ʻia ka boron ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana ʻelua ʻano ʻōpiopio loa.Hoʻopili ʻia ia e like me ka graphene akā hōʻike i nā waiwai hoihoi ma muli o kāna anisotropy, polymorphism a me ke ʻano aniani.Hōʻike ʻia ka boron nui ma ke ʻano he kumu kūkulu hale ma ka B12 icosahedron, akā hana ʻia nā ʻano kristal boron ma o nā ʻano hoʻohui like ʻole a me nā ʻano hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma B12.ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā poloka boron e like me ka graphene a i ʻole graphite, kahi mea e paʻakikī ai ke kaʻina hana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka boron.Eia kekahi, nui nā ʻano polymorphic o ka borophene (e laʻa, α, β, α1, pmmm) i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.ʻO nā pae like ʻole i loaʻa i ka wā o ka synthesis pili pono i nā waiwai o nā harrows.No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano hana synthetic e hiki ai ke loaʻa nā borocenes kikoʻī kikoʻī me nā ʻāpana lateral nui a me ka mānoanoa liʻiliʻi o nā flakes i kēia manawa e pono ai ke aʻo hohonu.
Nui nā ʻano hana no ka synthesizing i nā mea 2D i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā kaʻina sonochemical kahi i waiho ʻia ai nā mea nui i loko o ka solvent, maʻamau he mea hoʻoheheʻe organik, a sonicated no kekahi mau hola.ʻO Ranjan et al.Ua hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻo 6 i ka boron nui i loko o ka borophene me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano i wehewehe ʻia ma luna.Ua aʻo lākou i ka laulā o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, DMF, DMSO) a hōʻike i ka sonication exfoliation he ala maʻalahi no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā flakes boron nui a lahilahi.Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike lākou hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano Hummers i hoʻololi ʻia e exfoliate boron.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka stratification wai e nā poʻe ʻē aʻe: Lin et al.Ua hoʻohana ʻo 7 i ka boron crystalline ma ke ʻano he kumu e synthesize i nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa β12-borene a hoʻohana hou iā lākou i loko o nā pahu lithium-sulfur e pili ana i ka borene, a me Li et al.8 i hōʻike ʻia i nā pepa boroene haʻahaʻa..Hiki ke loaʻa iā ia e ka sonochemical synthesis a hoʻohana ʻia e like me kahi electrode supercapacitor.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka atomic layer deposition (ALD) kekahi o nā ʻano hana synthesis lalo i luna no ka boron.Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Mannix et al.9 i nā ʻātoma boron ma kahi kākoʻo kālā maʻemaʻe atomically.ʻO kēia ala e hiki ai ke loaʻa nā pepa o ka boronene ultra-pure, akā naʻe, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka boronene ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana (ultra-high vacuum).No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā maikaʻi hou no ka hana ʻana i ka boronene, wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana/stratification mechanical, a laila e hana i kahi kānana theoretical pololei o kona mau waiwai, e like me ka polymorphism, ka uila a me ka wela.H. Liu et al.Ua kūkākūkā a wehewehe ʻo 10 i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka boron ma nā substrates Cu(111).Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā ʻātoma boron i 2D puʻupuʻu mānoanoa e pili ana i nā ʻāpana triangular, a ke emi mau nei ka ikehu hoʻokumu ʻana me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu, e manaʻo ana e ulu mau nā pūʻulu boron 2D ma nā substrate keleawe.Hōʻike ʻia e D. Li et al kahi ʻike kikoʻī hou aku o nā ʻāpana boron ʻelua.11, kahi i wehewehe ʻia ai nā substrate like ʻole a kūkākūkā ʻia nā noi hiki.Ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā helu theoretical a me nā hopena hoʻokolohua.No laila, pono nā helu kumu no ka hoʻomaopopo piha ʻana i nā waiwai a me nā hana o ka ulu ʻana o ka boron.ʻO kahi ala e hoʻokō ai i kēia pahuhopu ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lipine hoʻopili maʻalahi e wehe i ka boron, akā liʻiliʻi loa kēia no ka noiʻi ʻana i nā waiwai kumu a hoʻololi i kāna noi kūpono12.
ʻO kahi ala hoʻohiki o ka ʻenekinia peeling o nā mea 2D mai nā mea nui he electrochemical peeling.Eia kekahi o nā electrodes he nui nā mea.Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka conductive o nā pūhui i exfoliated maʻamau e nā ʻano electrochemical.Loaʻa iā lākou ma ke ʻano he lāʻau paʻa a papa paha.Hiki ke hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia ka graphite ma kēia ʻano ma muli o kāna conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe.Ua lanakila ʻo Achi a me kāna hui14 i ka graphite ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā koʻokoʻo graphite i graphite paʻi i mua o kahi membrane i hoʻohana ʻia e pale i ka decomposition o ka mea nui.Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā laminates nui ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano like, no ka laʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Janus15 electrochemical delamination.Pēlā nō, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka phosphorus ʻeleʻele i ka electrochemically stratified, me nā ion electrolyte acidic e laha ana i loko o ka hakahaka ma waena o nā papa ma muli o ka volta i hoʻohana ʻia.ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ke ala like i ka stratification o ka boron i loko o ka borophene ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa uila o ka mea nui.Akā he aha ka hopena inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka pauka boron manuahi i loko o kahi mesh mesh (nickel-nickel or copper-copper) e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he electrode?Hiki paha ke hoʻoulu i ka conductivity o ka boron, i hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia i ka electrochemically e like me kahi ʻōnaehana papa o nā conductors uila?He aha ka pae o ka boronene haʻahaʻa i kūkulu ʻia?
Ma kēia haʻawina, pane mākou i kēia mau nīnau a hōʻike i ka hāʻawi ʻana o kēia hoʻolālā maʻalahi i kahi ala maʻamau hou i ka hana ʻana i nā burs lahilahi, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 1.
Lithium chloride (LiCl, 99.0%, CAS: 7447-41-8) a me ka pauka boron (B, CAS: 7440-42-8) i kūʻai ʻia mai Sigma Aldrich (USA).ʻO ka sodium sulfate (Na2SO4, ≥ 99.0%, CAS: 7757-82-6) i hoʻolako ʻia mai Chempur (Poland).Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, CAS: 67-68-5) mai Karpinex (Poland).
Hāʻawi ka microscopy ikaika atomika (AFM MultiMode 8 (Bruker)) i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mānoanoa a me ka nui o ka lattice o ka mea papa.Hoʻohana ʻia ka microscopy electron transmission kiʻekiʻe (HR-TEM) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi microscope FEI Tecnai F20 ma kahi uila wikiwiki o 200 kV.Ua hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana o Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) me ka Hitachi Zeeman polarized atomic absorption spectrophotometer a me kahi nebulizer lapalapa e hoʻoholo ai i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion metala i ka hopena i ka wā o ka exfoliation electrochemical.Ua ana ʻia ka mana zeta o ka boron nui a lawe ʻia ma kahi Zeta Sizer (ZS Nano ZEN 3600, Malvern) e hoʻoholo ai i ka hiki o ka ili o ka boron nui.Ua aʻo ʻia ka haku mele a me nā pākēneka atomika pili o ka ʻili o nā laʻana e ka X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).Ua lawe ʻia nā ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiation Mg Ka (hν = 1253.6 eV) i loko o ka ʻōnaehana PREVAC (Poland) i hoʻolako ʻia me kahi Scienta SES 2002 electron energy analyzer (Sweden) e hana ana i ka ikehu hoʻouna mau (Ep = 50 eV).Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke keʻena loiloi i kahi kaomi ma lalo o 5 × 10-9 mbar.
ʻO ka maʻamau, kaomi mua ʻia ka 0.1 g o ka pauka boron manuahi i loko o kahi disk mesh mesh (nickel a i ʻole keleawe) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaomi hydraulic.He 15 mm ke anawaena o ka diski.Hoʻohana ʻia nā diski i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e like me nā electrodes.Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua ʻano electrolytes: (i) 1 M LiCl i DMSO a (ii) 1 M Na2SO4 i ka wai deionized.Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi uea platinum ma ke ʻano he electrode kōkua.Hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻikuhi schematic o ke kahua hana ma ke Kiʻi 1. I ka wehe ʻana i ka electrochemical, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi au i hāʻawi ʻia (1 A, 0.5 A, a i ʻole 0.1 A) ma waena o ka cathode a me ka anode.ʻO ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia hoʻokolohua he 1 hola.Ma hope o kēlā, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka supernatant, centrifuged ma 5000 rpm a holoi i nā manawa he nui (3-5 mau manawa) me ka wai deionized.
ʻO nā ʻāpana like ʻole, e like me ka manawa a me ka mamao ma waena o nā electrodes, pili i ka morphology o ka huahana hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale electrochemical.Maanei mākou e nānā ai i ka mana o ka electrolyte, ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia (1 A, 0.5 A a me 0.1 A; voltage 30 V) a me ke ʻano o ka pahu metala (Ni e pili ana i ka nui o ka hopena).Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻelua mau mea electrolytes: (i) 1 M lithium chloride (LiCl) i ka dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) a me (ii) 1 M sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) i ka wai deionized (DI).I ka mua, e hoʻopili ʻia nā lithium cations (Li +) i loko o ka boron, i pili pū me ka uku maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaʻina hana.I ka hihia hope, e hoʻopili ka anion sulfate (SO42-) i loko o kahi boron i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia.
I ka hoʻomakaʻana, ua hōʻikeʻia ka hana o nā electrolytes i luna ma kahi o kēia manawa o 1 A. Ua lawe ka hana i ka hola 1 meʻelua mauʻano metala (Ni a me Cu), i kēlā me kēia.Hōʻike ka Figure 2 i kahi kiʻi microscopy atomic force (AFM) o ka mea i loaʻa, a ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ke Kiʻi S1.Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe a me nā ana o nā flakes i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia hoʻokolohua ma ka Papa 1. ʻIke ʻia, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai iā Na2SO4 ma ke ʻano he electrolyte, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa o nā flakes i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka pā keleawe.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā flakes i ʻoki ʻia i mua o kahi mea lawe nickel, e emi ana ka mānoanoa ma kahi o 5 mau manawa.ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua like ka puʻunaue nui o nā unahi.Eia naʻe, ua maikaʻi ka LiCl / DMSO i ke kaʻina exfoliation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala ʻelua, ka hopena i ka 5-15 papa o ka borocene, e like me nā wai exfoliating ʻē aʻe, ka hopena i nā papa he nui o borocene7,8.No laila, e hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou i ke ʻano kikoʻī o nā laʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kēia electrolyte.
Nā kiʻi AFM o nā pepa borocene ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka electrochemical i loko o A Cu_Li+_1 A, B Cu_SO42−_1 A, C Ni_Li+_1 A, a me D Ni_SO42−_1 A.
Ua hana ʻia ka ʻikepili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microscopy electron transmission (TEM).E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3, ʻo ke ʻano nui o ka boron he crystalline, e like me ka hōʻike ʻia e nā kiʻi TEM o ka boron a me ka boron layered, a me ka hoʻololi Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) a me nā hiʻohiʻona i koho ʻia i koho ʻia (SAED).ʻO nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā laʻana ma hope o ke kaʻina hana delamination e ʻike maʻalahi ʻia ma nā kiʻi TEM, kahi i ʻoi aku ka ʻoi o ka d-spacings a ʻoi aku ka pōkole o nā mamao (0.35-0.9 nm; Papa S2).ʻOiai ʻo nā laʻana i hana ʻia ma ka mīkini keleawe i kūlike me ka hana β-rhombohedral o boron8, ua hana ʻia nā laʻana me ka nickel.makaʻuua kūlike i nā wānana manaʻo o nā ʻāpana lattice: β12 a me χ317.Ua hōʻoia kēia i ke ʻano o ka borocene he crystalline, akā ua loli ka mānoanoa a me ke ʻano aniani i ka exfoliation.Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike maopopo ia i ka hilinaʻi o ka mākia i hoʻohana ʻia (Cu a i ʻole Ni) i ka crystallinity o ka borene hopena.No ka Cu a i ʻole Ni, hiki ke hoʻokahi-crystal a polycrystalline paha.Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniani ma nā ʻenehana exfoliation ʻē aʻe18,19.I kā mākou hihia, hilinaʻi nui ka pae d a me ka hoʻolālā hope i ke ʻano o ka mākia i hoʻohana ʻia (Ni, Cu).Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole ma nā ʻano SAED, e hōʻike ana i kā mākou ala e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hale aniani like ʻole.Eia hou, ua hōʻoia ka palapala palapala elemental (EDX) a me ke kiʻi STEM i ka mea 2D i hana ʻia i loko o ka boron element (Fig. S5).Eia nō naʻe, no ka ʻike hohonu ʻana i ke ʻano, pono e noiʻi hou i nā waiwai o nā borophenes artificial.ʻO ka mea nui, pono e hoʻomau ʻia ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao borene, no ka mea he kuleana koʻikoʻi lākou i ka paʻa o ka mea a me kāna hana catalytic20,21,22.
Nā kiʻi TEM o ka boron nui A, B Cu_Li+_1 A a me C Ni_Li+_1 A a me nā hiʻohiʻona SAED e pili ana (A', B', C');hoʻokomo wikiwiki ʻo Fourier transform (FFT) i ke kiʻi TEM.
Ua hana ʻia ka X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxidation o nā laʻana borene.I ka hoʻomehana ʻana o nā laʻana borophene, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka lakio boron-boron mai 6.97% a i 28.13% (Pakaukau S3).I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā paʻa boron suboxide (BO) ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā oxides ili a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka boron suboxide i B2O3, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui o ka B2O3 i loko o nā laʻana.Ma ka fig.Hōʻike ka S8 i nā loli i ka ratio hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā mea boron a me oxide ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana.Hōʻike ʻia ka spectrum holoʻokoʻa ma ka fig.S7.Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka boronene ma ka ʻili ma kahi ratio boron:oxide o 1:1 ma mua o ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me 1.5:1 ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana.No ka wehewehe kikoʻī hou aku o XPS, e ʻike i ka ʻikepili hou.
Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma hope e hoʻāʻo i ka hopena o kēia manawa i hoʻopili ʻia ma waena o nā electrodes i ka wā kaʻawale electrochemical.Ua hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ma nā au o 0.5 A a me 0.1 A i LiCl/DMSO, kēlā me kēia.Hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o nā haʻawina AFM ma Fig.S2 a me S3.Manaʻo i ka mānoanoa o ka borophene monolayer mea e pili ana i 0.4 nm,12,23 i nā hoʻokolohua ma 0.5 A a me ke alo o ka keleawe mānoanoa, ka thinnest flakes pili i 5-11 borophene papa me lateral ana o ma kahi o 0.6-2.5 μm.Eia kekahi, i nā hoʻokolohua menikelaua loaʻa nā mānoanoa, nā flakes me kahi mānoanoa liʻiliʻi loa (4.82-5.27 nm).ʻO ka mea hoihoi, loaʻa nā ʻāpana boron i loaʻa ma nā ʻano sonochemical ka nui o ka flake ma ka laulā o 1.32–2.32 nm7 a i ʻole 1.8–4.7 nm8.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka exfoliation electrochemical o ka graphene i manaʻo ʻia e Achi et al.ʻO 14 ka hopena o nā ʻōpala nui (>30 µm), pili paha i ka nui o ka mea hoʻomaka.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo 2-7 nm ka mānoanoa o nā graphene flakes.Hiki ke loaʻa nā flakes o ka nui like ʻole a me ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke au i hoʻohana ʻia mai ka 1 A a i ka 0.1 A. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomalu ʻana i kēia ʻāpana kikokikona kī o nā mea 2D he hoʻolālā maʻalahi.Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole i kūleʻa nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia ma kahi nickel grid me kahi au o 0.1 A.ʻO kēia ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa uila o ka nickel i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke keleawe a me ka lawa ʻole o ka ikehu e pono ai e hana i ka borophene24.ʻO ka loiloi TEM o Cu_Li + _0.5 A, Cu_Li + _0.1 A, Cu_SO42-_1 A, Ni_Li-_0.5 A a me Ni_SO42-_1 A ua hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi S3 a me ke Kiʻi S4.
Electrochemical ablation ukali ʻia e ka AFM imaging.(A) Cu_Li+_1A, (B) Cu_Li+_0.5A, (C) Cu_Li+_0.1A, (D) Ni_Li+_1A, (E) Ni_Li+_0.5A.
Eia nō hoʻi mākou e hāʻawi nei i kahi hana hiki no ka stratification o kahi puʻupuʻu nui i loko o nā puʻupuʻu lahilahi (Fig. 5).I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua kaomi ʻia ka bur bulk i loko o ka pahu Cu / Ni e hoʻoulu i ka conduction i loko o ka electrode, i hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia i kahi uila ma waena o ka electrode auxiliary (Pt wire) a me ka electrode hana.ʻAe kēia i nā ion e neʻe ma o ka electrolyte a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka cathode/anode material, ma muli o ka electrolyte i hoʻohana ʻia.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka loiloi AAS ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ion mai ka mesh mesh i ka wā o kēia kaʻina hana (e ʻike i ka ʻike Hoʻohui).ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo nā iona wale nō mai ka electrolyte hiki ke komo i loko o ka hale boron.ʻO ka boron pāʻoihana nui i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo "amorphous boron" ma muli o kona puʻunaue like ʻole o nā pūnaewele mua, icosahedral B12, i hoʻomehana ʻia i 1000 ° C e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana β-rhombohedral i kauoha ʻia (Fig. S6) 25 .Wahi a ka ʻikepili, hiki ke hoʻokomo maʻalahi ʻia nā lithium cations i loko o ka hale boron i ka pae mua a haehae i nā ʻāpana o ka pā B12, ma hope e hana i kahi ʻano boronene ʻelua-dimensional me kahi ʻano kauoha nui, e like me β-rhombohedra, β12 a i ʻole χ3 , e pili ana i ke au i hoohanaia a me kamakaʻumea waiwai.No ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pilina Li + i ka boron nui a me kāna kuleana koʻikoʻi i ke kaʻina hana delamination, ua ana ʻia kona hiki zeta (ZP) i -38 ± 3.5 mV (e ʻike i ka ʻike Hoʻohui).Hōʻike ka waiwai ZP maikaʻi ʻole no ka boron nui e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka intercalation o nā lithium cations maikaʻi ma mua o nā ion ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia haʻawina (e like me SO42-).Hoʻomaopopo pū kēia i ke komo ʻana o Li+ i loko o ka hale boron, e hopena i ka wehe ʻana i ka electrochemical.
No laila, ua hoʻomohala mākou i kahi ala hou no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā boron haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e ka stratification electrochemical o ka boron me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā grids Cu / Ni ma Li + / DMSO a me SO42- / H2O solutions.Me he mea lā e hāʻawi i nā mea hoʻopuka ma nā pae like ʻole e pili ana i ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia a me ka pā i hoʻohana ʻia.Hoʻopuka ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia ke ʻano o ka hana exfoliation.Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia e hiki ke hana maʻalahi ʻia ka boronene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻia ma ke koho ʻana i kahi metala kūpono e like me ka mea lawe boron a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke au i hoʻohana ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia i ka noiʻi kumu a i ʻole nā ​​noi hana.ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo kēia ka hoʻāʻo kūleʻa mua i ka stratification electrochemical o boron.Manaʻo ʻia hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ala e exfoliate i nā mea hana ʻole i loko o nā ʻano ʻelua.Eia nō naʻe, pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā burs haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa synthesized, a me ka noiʻi hou aku.
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Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia haʻawina e ka National Science Center (Poland) ma lalo o ka hāʻawi no.OPUS21 (2021/41/B/ST5/03279).
ʻO ka uea nickel mesh kekahi ʻano o ka uea ʻoihanalolehana ʻia me ka uwea nikela.Hōʻike ʻia ia e kona lōʻihi, conductivity uila, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion a me ka ʻōpala.Ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nickel wire mesh i nā noi e like me ka kānana, sieving, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻoihana e like me ka aerospace, kemika, a me ka hana ʻai.Loaʻa ia ma nā ʻano nui mesh a me nā anawaena uea e kūpono i nā koi like ʻole.